下面显示的是英文原文。
RabbitExchange
bind joins a queue to a RabbitExchange under a routing key; a direct exchange routes on the exact key, and the default exchange on queue names.
A publisher sends a message to an exchange, never to a queue.
The exchange copies the message into the queues bound to it whose bindings match.
RabbitExchange names the exchange of a binding, and its constructor names its type:
| Constructor | Routes on |
|---|---|
direct | the exact routing key |
topic | a dotted pattern of the routing key |
fanout | nothing: every bound queue gets every message |
headers | the message's headers, against the binding's arguments |
consistent_hash | a hash of the routing key, through a plugin |
bind(exchange, routing_key) adds a binding to a queue descriptor, and a queue may carry several.
A direct exchange delivers a message to every queue bound under its routing key exactly; a message under a key no queue is bound under goes nowhere.
The default exchange, with the empty name, is a direct exchange every queue is bound to under its own name.
So a message published with no exchange reaches the queue its routing key names, and a binding to the default exchange is refused.
An exchange is durable by default and survives a broker restart, and auto_delete is off.
The exchange and its bindings reach the server when the broker declares the topology; the built-in amq.* exchanges are bound to and never declared.
The publishing side names its exchange on the publish policy with exchange, and the message's name is its routing key.
RabbitExchange::custom(name, kind) names an exchange of a type a server plugin provides, such as x-random or x-modulus-hash.
A queue binds to it with bind, or with bind_with for a plugin that routes on binding arguments.
The plugin does the routing, so the server needs the plugin enabled, and the in-process transport routes nothing through such an exchange.
Example
Checkout publishes each payment to the direct exchange payments under its method; the card queue is bound under card, the invoice queue under invoice.
- Macros
- Manual
#[subscriber(RabbitQueue::new("payments.card").bind(RabbitExchange::direct("payments"), "card"))]
async fn charge_card(payment: &Payment) -> HandlerOutcome {
tracing::info!(payment.order_id, "card charged");
HandlerOutcome::ack()
}
#[subscriber(RabbitQueue::new("payments.invoice")
.bind(RabbitExchange::direct("payments"), "invoice"))]
async fn send_invoice(payment: &Payment) -> HandlerOutcome {
tracing::info!(payment.order_id, "invoice sent");
HandlerOutcome::ack()
}
#[ruststream::app]
fn app() -> impl App {
let broker = LapinBroker::new("amqp://localhost:5672").declare_topology(true);
RustStream::new(AppInfo::new("payments", "0.1.0")).with_broker(broker, |b| {
b.include(checkout)
.out(Payments, Publish::default().exchange("payments"))
.build();
b.include(charge_card);
b.include(send_invoice);
})
}
struct ChargeCard;
impl Handle<Payment> for ChargeCard {
fn handle(
&self,
payment: &Payment,
_outs: &(),
_ctx: &mut Context<'_>,
) -> impl Future<Output = Result<(), HandlerOutcome>> {
tracing::info!(payment.order_id, "card charged");
ready(Ok(()))
}
}
struct SendInvoice;
impl Handle<Payment> for SendInvoice {
fn handle(
&self,
payment: &Payment,
_outs: &(),
_ctx: &mut Context<'_>,
) -> impl Future<Output = Result<(), HandlerOutcome>> {
tracing::info!(payment.order_id, "invoice sent");
ready(Ok(()))
}
}
fn app() -> impl App {
let broker = LapinBroker::new("amqp://localhost:5672").declare_topology(true);
RustStream::new(AppInfo::new("payments", "0.1.0")).with_broker(broker, |b| {
let payments = RabbitExchange::direct("payments");
b.include(subscriber("checkout", Checkout).build())
.out(Payments, Publish::default().exchange("payments"))
.build();
let card = RabbitQueue::new("payments.card").bind(payments.clone(), "card");
b.include(subscriber(card, ChargeCard).build());
let invoice = RabbitQueue::new("payments.invoice").bind(payments, "invoice");
b.include(subscriber(invoice, SendInvoice).build());
})
}